Mill for grinding coffee



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. T. CLARK 8v C. C. LAW'SGN; MILL FOR GRINDING COFFEE, SPICE, ac. No 349,693 Patented Sept. 28, 1886.

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(No Model.) L

Patented Sept. Z8, 1886.

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UNITED STATES vPATENT OFFICE.

JAMES CLARK AND CLEMENT C. CLAVSON, OF NEVARIQNEV JERSEY.

MILL FOR GRINDING COFFEE, SP|CE,K&.C`.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent'No. 349,693, dated September 28, 1886.

i pplication tiled December 10, 1885. $crialNo.185,Il03. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that we, 'JAMES T. CLARK and CLEMENT C. CLAwsoN, citizens of the United States, residing at Newark, in the county of Essex, State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mills for Grinding CoffeeSpice, and other Materials, of which the following specification is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to that class of upright mills with a runner rotating in vertical planes, in which a stationary grinding shell or plate is adjusted laterally, in order to make the mill grind coarse orV tine, and has more particular reference to upright duplex mills in which the runner is provided with grindingsurfaces on both sides and rotatesor moves between a pair of grinding shells or plates, al-

though the improvements are not wholly liniited to duplex mills, they or some of them being applicable to single grinders as well. Heretofore such upright mills have been made in which more or less ofthe hopper is rigidly attached to or cast in one piece with each side ofthe adjustable grinding-chamber. Usually a half of the hopper is attached to or cast on each side of said chamber; but in one or more -this neck or throat.

instances a smaller portion has been so formed.

Thus, for example, a short neck or throat has been cast on the grinding-chamber-a part of the neck or throaton each side of the chamber-the main body of the hopper fitting over Usually, also, the discharge-spout, placed at the bottom of the grinding-chamber, is made inl two parts, one attached to each side of said chamber. In this kind of mill the facility of adjustment is with the constructions heretofore employed apt to be diminished or destroyed by the ground material packing between the adjustable shell or plate and an opposing part of the lframe or casing.

To overcome this difficulty is mainly the object ofthe iirst part of this invention, which, to that end, consists in the combination, with the vertical runner and the two grinding shells or sides of the adjustable grinding-chamber, eachpshell or side having a portion of the hopper rigidly attached to or cast on the same, of a frame or flange rigidly attached to or in one piece with one of said shells or sides and surrounding the edges of the other, the latter being of the same `diameter as the runner, and tting thc said frame or flange so as to prevent escape of material at thejoint while permitting adjustment to be made, and beingpre- Vented from turning by the portion of the hopper attached thereto. The projecting portionl of the spout, when this is attached to or cast on the adjustable grinding-shell, also assists in retaining said shell inplace. The adjustable grinding shell or plate having the same diameter as the runner, or it may be somewhat less, so that 4the runner itself is opposite the whole surface of the grinding shell or plate, there is no place in which the ground material can collect and interfere with the adjustment.

Heretofore in upright mills having an adconcerned, they have been'left free to be ad' j usted equally over the whole surface,so far as the user is ablc'to do so.

y The second part of the invention consists in establishing a pivotal connection between the two parts of the casing, so thatat one point there is or need be no adjustment of the said parts. It is, however, desirable for the adj ustment of the grinding shell orshells to bev practically equal over the entire surface, and therefore lthe pivotal connection is made out` side the said surface, preferably at the top of the hopper. This gives such along radius to the curve in which each part of the grindingshell moves that,practically,for the short distance in which adjustment is desirable the motion is in a straight line. The hopper is made integral with or is otherwise rigidly attached to the rest of the casing, the front of the hopper being on one part of the casing andthe back on the other, as is not uncommon lin this class of mills. Y

Heretofore in upright mills having atwopart adjustable casing provided with a grinding shell or surface o n one or both parts, it has been customary to use means for drawing the parts together, simply leaving it to the mate- IOO rial`being ground to keep them as far apart asthe adjusting means will allow.

The third part of thepresent i nvcntion consists in the combination,with the vertical runner and the two-part adjustable casing provided with a grindingsuriace, of a spring or springs for holding them apart, so that the gri nding-.shell will not be loose when adjusted lor coarse grinding.

p The invention also consists in the combination, with the vertical runner and the two-part adjustable casing having a portion ot' the hopper integral with or otherwise attached to each part,and pivotally connected at the top of said hopper, ot' the adjusting means placed at the middle of the casing for drawing the parts together and the spring at the bottom for holding them apart; and it further comprises certain other special constructions and'combinations, as hereinafter set forth. y

The following is a description of whatis considered the best mode of applying the principle of the invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which torni a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a mill constructed in accordance with the invention; Fig. 2, a central vertical. section of the same in aplane at right angles to that otFig. 1; Fig. 3, a side elevation with one part of the casing and the adjusting means removed; Fig. Lt, an inside elevation of the part of the casing not shown in Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 a horizontal section, looking down.

The mill is shown provided with legs A, 'fastened to the base B, the legs being of such length as to admit ot the introduction of a cup, G, below the spout ot the mill, to receive the ground material; but the manner of supporting the mill is immaterial. The runner D is journaled in the twoparts E and F of the casing, and is or may be revolved by any suitable means. As shown, there is a crank, G, and ily-wheel H on one journal. Both surfaces of the runner are provided with grindingteeth,and on each side there are at the center large teeth l'or cracking the material. The

part F is cast in. one piece with the legsA; but

it maybe otherwise attached to its support. This casting, as shown, includes the grinding shell or plate l, the back. K ofthe hopper, the llange L, the T-shaped lug M, the ear O, the back N of the spout, and the projection P, in addition to the legs A. The part- E consist-s, as shown, of one casting, which includes the grinding-shell Q, the front R of the hopper,

the front S of the spout, and the projection V. lt will be observed that each grinding shell or plate I and Q, respectively, has a bridgepiece, 1 and 2, respectively, which separates' the mouth 3 or et of the front and back ot' the hopper from the outer part of the runner, and has a grinding-surface on the side adjacent to the runner.` These bridge-pieces while desirable are not essential to the invention. The bridge-piece 1 has a flange, 5, which projects over the top of bridge-piece 2. Below the two sets ol' large teeth G and 7 on the runner the grinding-shells are provided with coarse teeth 8 and 9, for co-operating with them. The grinding shell or plate Q has substantially the same diameter as the runner D, and lits within the frame formed by the flange L, so as to prevent escape of material at the joint while permitting adjustment to be made. This frame (or flange) incloses the periphery of the runner and extends laterally beyond it. (See sectional views.) This grinding-shell `is adj usted within the frame or flange toward or away from the runner D. As the latter covers the face of the grinding-shell, it is impossible for the ground material to collect in front ot' any part ot said shell so as to interfere with the facility of adjustment. The adjustment is effected by means of the strap YV, held at one end by the T-shaped lug M, with which it forms a hinge, and at the other engaged by the screw l0 (which passes through the Aear O, and also through the end of the strap) and wingnut 11, which engages the screw and presses upon the strap. By turning the nut in one direction or the other the grinding-shell is drawn toward the ruimer or is allowed to move away from it. At the middle the strap has small teats 12, which bear upon thegrindingshell Q near the center of the same, above and` below thejournal of the runner. The edge ol' the flange L at 13 forms a stop to prevent a.

too close adjustment ot' the grinding-shell.

As already stated, the grinding shell or plate Q is attached to the front R ot' thehopper, being made in one casting with it. It is prevented from turning by this part of the hopper, and also by the portion of the spout which depends from said shell. At let-there is a bearing between the front and back ot' the hopper, upon which bearing the part E may turn, so that it forms between the two parts of the casing a pivotal connection, which permits the shell Q to be adjusted-in a curve practically coincident with a straight line. The axis of the pivotal connection is of course transverse to that ot' the ruimer. A spiral compression spring, X, is interposed between the lront S and back N ot' the spout, the ends of the spring being placed over the projections l) and V. It tends to press apart the lower endsot' the two parts E and F ot' the casing. The ruimer D is movable endwise in its bearings to a sufficient extent tor enabling it to place itselt' midway between the grinding shells or plates I Q, whatever the adjustmentl ot' the shells or plates may be. The teeth 6 and 7 are of such length that they prevent contact of either grinding-surface ot" the .runner with the opposite grinding-shell. The runner Dis provided-on the periphery with spaced teeth 15, which project laterally as well as radially, as shown inFigs. 2 and 5, and the grinding shells or plates have each a groove, 16, to receive the projecting edges ofthe teeth. These spaced teeth carry the ground material from all parts of the grinding-chamber and deliver it into the. spout. l The cup C has at the IOC) top a bead, and can be used as a cover to the mill when not in use, the edge of the cup titting within the top of the hopper.

Modifications may be made in details without departing from the spirit of the invention, and parts ot' the invention may be used separately.

Having now described the invention and the manner of carrying the same into eiie'ct, what We claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with the vert-ical runner and the two grinding shells or sides of the adjustable grinding-chamber, each shell or side having a portion of the hopper rigidly attached to or cast .011 the same, of the frame or flange rigidly attached to or cast on one of said shells or sides and surrounding the edge of the other, the latter being of the same diameter as the runner and tting the said frame or flange, so as to prevent escape of material at the joint while permitting adjustment to be made and being prevented from turning by the portion lof the hopper att-ached thereto, substantially 25 as described.

2. The combination, with "the vertical runner provided with jou ruals and the frame or iiange forming part of the casing and extending laterally beyond the runner, of the ad-l justablev grinding shell or plate, of the same diameter as the runner, fitting within said frame or ilange, so as to prevent escape of materi al at the joint while permitting adjustment .to be made, and provided at the center with a bearing for the journal of said runner, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the vertical runner, of the casing formed of two castings adjustably connected with each other, one casting comprising a part lof the hopper, a grinding shell or side of the grinding-chamber; a

laterally-projecting frame or flange, and the legs or support for the mill, and the other casting comprising another part of the hopper and a grinding shell or plate of the same diameter as the runner, vsaid shell fitting within the frame or ilange in the other casting, substantially as described. l

4. The combination, with the vertical runner .provided -with journals, and the frame forming part of the casing and inclosing and extending laterally beyond the periphery of said runner, of an adjustable grinding shell or plate of the same diameter as said runner, litting within said frame and provided with a journal-bearing for the runner, and the adjustable strap for adjusting the position ofthe grinding-shell within said frame, substantial] y as described.

5. The combination, with the adjustable grinding shell or plate, of the adji'isting-strap bearing at the middle on said shell, the T- shaped lug engaging one end ot' said strap, and the car, screw, and nut for drawing in the other end, and thus adjusting the position of "said shell or plate, substantially as described.

6. In combination with the vertical runner, an adjustable two-part casing provided with a grinding shell or shells, and having a pivotal connection between saidparts, the axis of the pivotal connection being transverse to the axis of the runner, so that the grindingshell can be adjusted laterally, substantially as'described.

, 7. The adjustable two part casing for an upright mill, one part consisting of the front of the grinding-chamber and the front of the hoppeigand the other of the back of the grinding-chamber and the back of the hopper, and thetwo parts being pivotally/,connected at the tp of said hopper. substantially as described.

8. The combination, with the runner, of the adjustable two-part casing and the spring for separating the said parts so far as the adjustment will permit, substantially as described.

9. The combination, with the two parts of the mill-casing pivotally connected at the top, oftthe adj usting-strap at the middle for drawing them together, and the spring at the bottom for pressing them apart so far as the strap will permit, substantially as described.

10. The combination, with the vertical runner provided with journals and an adjustable shell or plate having at the center a journalbearing for iherunner, of an adjusting-strap having teats f or bearing upon the grinding shell or plate above and below the journal, substantially as described.

l1. The improved duplex mill herein described, comprising the following elements: a .vertical runner provided with spaced teeth in the periphery and grinding-'surfaces on both faces and movable eudwise in its bearings, the two grinding shells or plates, one ol' said shells or plates being of the same diameter as the runner and fitting withina frame inclosing the periphery of the runner, the hopper vattached to said shells or plates, the front on one shell7 the back on the other, and the adjusting strap and spring for regulating the distance'between the runner and the grinding-shells, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we have aixed our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES T. CLARK. CLEMENT C. CLAVVSON. Witnesses:

C. A. DEHART, GEo. H. BALDENECKAR. 

